Risk factor for psycopathology during residency

Abstract

Introduction. Stress in medical practice is highest during the residency due to the relationship with the patient is established for the first time and the stage of learning is faster, in addition of life events. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of psychic disorders throughout the entire period of training and risk factors that determine them.

Methods. Cross-sectional study was conducted on 145 residents of all specialties and years of training. They were evaluated at the beginning of each year, and also at the end of that year if they ended the residency. We assessed sociodemographics data, psychic antecedents, stress, psychopathology, personality traits and coping behaviour used.

Results. The prevalence of mental disorders was high (49%), but they were generally not very severe. They were associated with the wish to quit the profession and lack of time for social and familiar relationships. In the discriminant analysis, the psychopathology was mainly associated with traits “Neuroticism”, “Self-reproach” and “Distancing” behaviors, personal psychic antecedents, and stress levels resulting mainly from aspects of the training itself.

Conclusions. The assumption of both, individual and contextual factors, are important for mental health and career development at this stage of medical training. The knowledge of these risk factors would facilitate the implementation of preventive programs to guide the appropriate management of stress in this period.