Recent Advances in the Brain–Gut Axis in the Development and Progression of Depression

Abstract

The prevalence of depression is increasing year by year. Accumulating evidence has shown that the brain–gut axis (BGA) may contribute largely to the development and progression of depression. Gut microbial community composition and metabolites may contribute to the pathophysiological mechanisms of depression by influencing bidirectional communication with the BGA. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of depression and may provide new potential targets for therapeutic interventions. This article reviews current academic investigations into the association between BGA and depression and discusses how to improve depressive symptoms through the BGA, seeking to offer insights for future research and clinical treatment strategies for depression.