Study of Psychomotor Agitation Constraint Method: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Psychomotor agitation is a common psychiatric disorder that often requires physical restraint, consuming significant healthcare resources. Assessing the clinical importance of the correct method of physical restraint for patients with psychomotor agitation presents a challenge for physicians and researchers.  This review aims to assess the use of physical restraints in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and other departments, identifying potential factors influencing their use.   

Methods: Two independent researchers conducted a computerized search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases for literature related to methods of psychomotor agitation restraint.  The review focused on the methods of inhibiting psychomotor agitation in the ICU.   

Results: A total of seven papers met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review.  The restraint rates among patients ranged from 8.7% to 59.07%. Factors influencing patient restraint included gender, marital status, mental and behavioral disorders, emergency referrals, and the use of mechanical ventilation.   

Conclusions: Restraint is frequently used among patients, particularly among the elderly, males, and those with disorders of consciousness or social relationship issues.  This review identifies several factors influencing restraint rates in patients with psychomotor agitation, highlighting the need for further research to develop targeted interventions aimed at reducing the necessity for physical restraints.