Main points (1) This study has successfully constructed a mouse model of NL3R617W mutation-associated autism spectrum disorder. (2) The NL3R617W mutation at the NL3 gene does not influence the distribution of NL3 proteins in the cell membrane and within the cell. (3) The NL3R617W mutation reduces the expression of postsynaptic scaffolding proteins and the number of excitatory synapses.